NIOS CLASS 12TH Physics (312) SOLVED TMA In English Medium PDF SESSION 2024-25

Which is Applicable for March/April & October/November 2025 Examination.

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➛ Total six questions are given by Nios in TMA. All questions have 2 options out of which one has to be selected. In this PDF, we have given you the answer of one option which is better so that your marks will be good.

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TMA Questions

1. Answer any one of the following questions in about 40-60 words.

(a) Read the steps of activity given below and answer the questions that follow it:
A steel spring with its top fixed with a rigid support on a wall and a metre scale along its
side are arranged as shown in the Fig.
100 g load at a time is added on the bottom of the hanger in steps which means that while putting each 100 g load, the stretching force is increased by 1N. The extension in the length of spring is also noted each time, till the load reaches 500 g.
(i) Name and state the law which is demonstrated in above activity.
(ii) Plot a general shape of the graph between load and extension for above activity. What does the slope of such a graph indicate?

b) A simple harmonic oscillator of mass 200 g oscillates with amplitude 0.04 m. If its time period is 10 s, calculate its Potential and kinetic energy at
(i) Mean position
(ii) Extreme Position

2. Answer any one of the following questions in about 40-60 words.

Read the steps of activity given below and answer the questions that follow it:
- Take a rigid horizontal rod fixed at both ends.
- Tie a loose but strong thread and hang the four pendulums A,B,C,D, as shown in Fig.
- The pendulums A and B are of equal lengths, whereas C has a shorter and D has a longer length than A and B.
- The pendulum B has a heavy bob. Set pendulum B into oscillations.
- After a few minutes it will be observed that the other three pendulums also begin to oscillate.
(i) i) If the pendulum B oscillates with the frequency of 2 Hz in above activity, then what will be the frequency of oscillation of pendulum C and D?
(ii) What is the term given to the type of oscillations that pendulums C and D execute?
(iii) It is observed that pendulum A oscillates with relatively large amplitude frequency. Name the phenomenon responsible for this behaviour.

3. Answer any one of the following questions in about 40-60 words.

(a) Define Ground wave Propagation. One of the fifth generation (5G) cellular network radio waves has a frequency of 3300 MHz. Can this radio wave be propagated through ground wave propagation? Explain your Answer.

(b) Jagadish Chandra Bose was a pioneer Indian scientist who is well known for his work on the wireless transmission of information using microwaves. Invited by Lord Rayleigh, in 1897 Bose reported on his microwave (millimeter Institution and other societies in England. The wavelengths he used ranged from 2.5 cm to 5 mm.
Write the frequency and wavelength range of microwaves. Also find the frequency
corresponding to the wavelengths 2.5 cm and 5 mm.

4. Answer any one of the following questions in about 100 to 150 words.

(a) Rishi is a farmer who owns a small piece of farmland which is in the form of a rectangle with length and breadth of 40.25 m and 30.75 m respectively. boundary of her farmland starting from one corner (assumed to be origin) and covers half the boundary of her farmland.

i) ) Calculate the area of Rishi’s farmland up to correct significant figures in both m2 as well as in cm2
(ii) Express the net displacement vector of Rishi in terms of unit vectors along coordinate axes by drawing the relevant diagram.
(iii) State the law of vector addition which you used to find Rishi net displacement.
(iv) Find the dot and cross product of Rishi’s horizontal and vertical displacement.

Arman while driving his tractor in a muddy field observes that the mud clings to the tyres until the speed becomes too high and then it flies off tangentially as shown in figure given below. The diameter and mass of the rear tyre of Arman’s tractor which is stuck in a muddy area and rotating at one place, is approximately 70 cm and 56 kg respectively.
(i) State the reason why the mud stuck to a tyre flies off tangentially during the motion
of the tyre.
(ii) Find the maximum range and maximum height of mud thrown from a tyre if the initial tangential velocity of mud on losing contact with tyre is 2 m/s and angle of projection is 30 according to the diagram given below:
(iii) If the rear tyre of Arman’s tractor is considered as a Hoop rotating about about the central axis. Calculate the moment of inertia of the tyre about the central axis.

5. Answer any one of the following questions in about 100 to 150 words.

(a) (i) Find ratio of the rms speed of the hydrogen molecules and oxygen molecules at room temperature. [Given: Molar mass of H is 1 u, Molar Mass of O is 16 u].
(ii) Are the mean speed and root mean square speed of gas molecules the same? Explain by taking the example of five molecules that have speeds 2, 3, 5, 7, 11 units, respectively.
(i) What is solar constant? What is its value on earth?
(ii) Read the source given below and answer the question that follows it:
Aditya-L1 is a satellite for studying the solar atmosphere, designed and developed by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and various other Indian Space Research Institutes. The spacecraft is placed at a special point called as Lagrangian point 1 (L1) of the Sun-Earth system, which is about 1.5 million km from the Earth i.e. Aditya-L1 stays approximately 1.5 million km away from Earth, directed towards the Sun, which is about 1% of the Earth-Sun distance. Using above data, Estimate solar energy reaching the region around L1 point per unit area per unit time

6. Prepare any one project out of the given below:

(a) A lens maker designed various convex lenses made up of ordinary glass (R.I. = 1.5) having different focal lengths according to the value of radii of curvatures of their surfaces and labelled them as L1, L2, L3 and L4 However these lenses got mixed up with their label intact and he is left with data pertaining to the value of radii of curvatures of Lens surfaces as given in the table below. A customer Raju wants to buy a lens of focal length 10cm. lens should the lens maker give to Raju?
Raju brought the lens with a focal length of 10 cm to his home and produced the image of a needle of length 1 cm in different cases by changing its position. Fill the table given below based on the different positions of the needle:

(b) We get most of the information about the surrounding world through our eyes. But as you know, an unaided eye has limitations; objects which are too far like stars, planets etc. appear so small that we are unable to see their details. Similarly, objects which are too small, e.g. pollen grains, bacteria, viruses etc. remain invisible to the unaided eyes. How can we see very minute and very distant objects? The special devices meant for this purpose are called optical instruments.
(i) Name optical instruments which are used to see very minute objects like pollen grains, bacteria, viruses etc. Draw a ray diagram to show the formation of images by such a device.
(ii) Name optical instruments that are used to see very distant objects like stars, planets
etc. are designed using a pair of suitable convex lenses. Draw a ray diagram to show the
formation of images by such a device. Also derive an expression for its magnifying power in normal adjustment.
(iii) Rajni, a very inquisitive learner, has a deep interest in astronomy and wants to study
about stars, planets,etc. visible in the night sky. She decided to design an optical
instrument at home which could help her clearly see stars, planets,etc. using a pair of
lenses among the three different lenses she have, whose details are given below.
Which pair of lenses Rajni should choose to design the desired optical instrument in
normal adjustment and get the maximum magnifying power with high resolving
power? Explain your answer.

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